Competition ZENITH

What are bonds? Bonds are instruments of debt - typically used by corporates to raise money from investors. Difficulties giving birth to Masala Bonds? Previously Indian companies had to rely on external commercial borrowings or ECBs to raise money from overseas investors. The challenge with ECBs is the entity raising money is faced with a currency risk - they have to be raised and repaid in dollar terms. So if till the time of repayment the conversion value of Rupee to Dollar down further then the Indian company has to larger Rupee to repay the pre determined Dollar value.

Today the State run IDBI Bank raised Rs2,310 crore via green bonds. With this, IDBI has become the first state-owned commercial bank to raise $350 million by selling green bonds. The proceeds will be used for refinancing of clean energy projects assisted by the bank which include wind energy, solar energy etc. But what these Green Bonds really are? Let us understand them in detail.

The Reserve Bank of India in its second bi-monthly policy announced on Tuesday has reduced the policy repo rate under the liquidity adjustment facility (LAF) by 25 basis points from 7.5 per cent to 7.25 per cent with immediate effect Repo Rate (short-term lending rate)- 7.25% (Decreased 25 Basis Points) (1% is equivalent to 100 basis points) CRR (the amount of cash banks must keep with RBI)- 4.0% (Unchanged) Other Rates Reverse Repo Rate (short-term borrowing rate) - 6.25% Statuary Liquidity Ratio (SLR) - 21.5% (Unchanged) Marginal Standing Facility (MSF) - 8.25% (Unchanged) Bank Rate (BR) - 8.25% (Unchanged) It has decided to continue to provide liquidity under overnight repos at 0.25 per cent of bankwise NDTL at the LAF repo rate and liquidity under 14-day term repos as well as longer-term repos of up to 0.75 per cent of NDTL of the banking system through auctions and continue with overnight/term variable rate repos and reverse repos to smooth li...

Prime Minister Narendra Modi has announced three insurance and pension schemes for the social welfare. These are the latest burning topics in the current affairs sections. We can expect many questions out of these in the coming exams. So we have prepared a PDF for you so that you can download it eaisly and tie it up in your notes sections. CLICK HERE   to download the PDF

Banking terms are the confusing terms that are associated with banking and finance. These basic terminologies are commonly asked in a bank interview. Knowing these terms will not only help you during the selection process but can also boost up your knowledge and thus help you in making transaction or doing some other bank related work. Below Are The Banking Terms In Alphabetical Order: Anytime Banking : With introduction of ATMs, Tele-Banking and internet banking, customers can conduct their business anytime of the day and night. The 'Banking Hours' is not a constraint for transacting banking business. Anywhere Banking : Refers to banking not only by ATMs, Tele-Banking and internet banking, but also to core banking solutions brought in by banks where customer can deposit his money, cheques and also withdraw money from any branch connected with the system. All major banks in India have brought in core banking in their operations to make banking truly anywhere bankin...

Question - Who publishes HDI ?  Answer -  United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) In 1990s Human Development has emerged as an important concept of development. Human Development means enlargement of human capabilities to enjoy all types of freedom – economic, political, social and cultural. The United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), an agency of UNO, has constructed various indicators of human development such as Human Development Index (HD1), Gender Empowerment Measure (GEM) and Human Poverty Index (HPI). The most important and most popular of these is HDI. HDI is basically a composite index of three attainments of development: health, education and standard of living. Computing the HDI: To construct the Index, fixed minimum and maximum values have been established for each of the indicators: i. Life expectancy at birth: 25 years and 85 years; ii. General literacy rate: 0 per cent and 100 per cent; iii. Real...

With a population approaching almost 1.2 billion in 2010, India is likely to be the most populous country on this planet by 2030 with 1.6 billion people. It currently accounts for more than 17% of the global population and 456 million poor , or 41.6% living on less than $1.25 a day (Chen and Ravallion 2008). Ensuring food and nutrition security is thus a challenge for India. Food security concerns can be traced back to the experience of the Bengal Famine in 1943 during British colonial rule. With the launching of major reforms in 1991, although liberalization was already under way since the 1980s, India has grown out of a period of acute shortages and heavy dependence on food aid to self-sufficiency, or broadly, self-reliance in food. The agriculture sector in India has had quite a revolutionary past with the Green Revolution in the late 1960s and 1970s, White Revolution (Operation Flood) in the 1970s and 1980s, and efforts to usher in a second Green Revolution to re-...

FYP Key Events   First Five Year Plan (1951-56): 1. This plan was based on the Harrod-Domar model. 2. This plan emphasized towards improvement in agriculture productions, irrigation, price stability, power and transport. 3. This plan proved a success as agriculture production increased dramatically. 4. Major dam projects of Bhakra-Nangal, Hirakud and Mettur dam were started during this plan period. 5. By the end of this plan period, in 1956, five Indian Institutes of Technology (IIT) were also started. 6. Community Development Projects was started. Second Five Year Plan (1956-61): 1. This plan followed the Mahalanobis model, an economic development model. 2. This plan paid major emphasis to domestic production of industrial products and rapid industrialization. 3. Steel plants at Bhilai, Durgapur, and Rourkela were established during this plan. 4. Th...